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载脂蛋白 Ａ Ｉ在胆固醇逆转运过程中起关键作用，已成为防治动脉粥样硬化的重要首选基因之一。为探讨借用骨骼肌异源表达进而发展一种简易安全的基因治疗方法，将人载脂蛋白 Ａ Ｉ基因构建成腺病毒载体（ Ａｄ － Ｒ Ｓ Ｖ－ 载脂蛋白 Ａ Ｉ） ，导入小鼠骨骼肌。体外细胞实验发现，载脂蛋白 Ａ Ｉ可以在肌源性细胞中表达并分泌至培养基中，表达量与病毒滴度及转染时间相关。在体动物实验中，将 Ａｄ － Ｒ Ｓ Ｖ－ 载脂蛋白 Ａ Ｉ直接注入小鼠骨骼肌５ 日后，肌肉和血清中载脂蛋白 Ａ Ｉ的表达达到高峰，前者每条为９ ．７５ ±０ ．２５ ｎｇ，后者为７ ．２５ ±０ ．７５ μｇ／ Ｌ。以后随时间延长逐渐减少，第３０ 日血清中载脂蛋白 Ａ Ｉ消失，第４０ 日仍可在肌肉中检测到一定量的载脂蛋白 Ａ Ｉ表达。此结果提示，利用骨骼肌细胞的异位表达可提高体内载脂蛋白 Ａ Ｉ的水平，为动脉粥样硬化的基因治疗提供新的途径。
Apolipoprotein A I plays a key role in the reverse cholesterol transport and has become one of the most important genes for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. To explore a simple and safe method of gene therapy using heterologous expression of skeletal muscle, human apolipoprotein A I gene was constructed into adenoviral vector (Ad - R S V - apolipoprotein A I) and introduced into mouse bone muscle. In vitro cell experiments found that apolipoprotein AI can be expressed in myogenic cells and secreted into the medium, the expression level and virus titer and transfection time related. In vivo experiments, Ad - R S V-apolipoprotein AI injected directly into mouse skeletal muscle 5 days after the expression of apolipoprotein AI in muscle and serum reached its peak, the former each 9. 75 ± 0. 25 ng for the latter and 7 for the latter. 25 ± 0. 75 μg / L. After that, the serum apolipoprotein A I disappeared on the 30th day, and a certain amount of apolipoprotein A I expression could still be detected in the muscle on the 40th day. The results suggest that the use of ectopic expression of skeletal muscle cells can increase the body’s level of apolipoprotein AI for the gene therapy of atherosclerosis provides a new way.