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我所在的试验场,是一个人民公社生产大队主办的,由干部、贫下中农和知识青年三结合的试验场,从1966年起,在群众性科学活动的基础上,进行了玉米杂交育种的选育工作,先后选出适应不同播期的高产抗病的杂交种14个,使全大队的玉米产量由1969年以前的200—300斤/亩,增加到600—700斤/亩,并出现了不少亩产17000斤以上的地块。 我们的工作重点,在于对某些具有高配合力但存在明显缺点(如抗病性、丰产性及雌雄花期的协调性等)的原有自交系的改良方面,用于改良自交系的杂交亲本,除去具有所必须的优良特性以外,还必须考虑到它的亲缘关系,以及改良以后的新自交系的配组问题:改良自交系所用的杂交亲本,不能用于有新系参加的杂交组合之中,以避免杂交组合两亲本的亲缘混乱,以致降低杂种优势失去利用价值。
The test ground where I am located is a trial ground of a combination of cadres, poor and middle peasants and young intellectuals sponsored by the People’s Commune Production Brigade. Since 1966, on the basis of mass scientific activities, the pilot field of maize hybrid breeding For the work of breeding, 14 high-yielding and disease-resistant hybrids adapted to different sowing dates were successively selected, which increased the output of maize in the whole group from 200-300 kg / mu before 1969 to 600-700 kg / mu and appeared Many mu produce more than 17,000 pounds of land. The focus of our work is to improve inbred lines for some inbred lines that have high combining power but have obvious shortcomings (such as disease resistance, high yield and coordination of anthers and anthers) In addition to having the fine traits necessary for crossing parents, it is also necessary to take into account its kinship and the rationale of the new inbred line after improvement: the hybrid parents used for improved inbred lines can not be used for new lines In order to avoid the confounding relationship of the parents of the hybrid combination, so as to reduce the heterosis lost the use value.