对微机械光开关的特点和应用作了简要的论述 ,并对近年国外几种典型微机械光开关的结构、原理和研制方法作了简要的介绍和评述。这类新型的开关器件的主要优点是串话小 ,插入损耗小 ,消光比高 ,对波长和偏振不敏感 ,且体积小 ,造价低等 ,在光纤通信和光纤测试系统中具有广阔的应用前景 The characteristics and applications of micro-mechanical optical switches are briefly discussed. The structure, principle and development methods of several typical micro-mechanical optical switches in foreign countries are briefly introduced and reviewed. The main advantages of these new switching devices are small crosstalk, low insertion loss, high extinction ratio, insensitivity to wavelength and polarization, small size and low cost, which have broad application prospects in optical fiber communication and optical fiber test systems