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目的总结分析石门县2011-2012年手足口病流行特征,为下一步防控措施的制定提供有力依据。方法根据中国疾病预防控制信息系统中手足口病发病统计数据,对石门县2011-2012年报告的手足口病病例资料,运用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2011-2012年两年全县共报告手足口病1 881例,呈典型双峰流行,2012年比2011年上升39.01%,且发病高峰出现时间提前,峰值增高;2012年报告病例数增加的乡镇有16个,其中皂市镇增幅最大;发病年龄主要分布在0～4岁组,男性多于女性,以散居和托幼儿童为主;患者临床表现以手、足、口部皮疹或疱疹为主;病原学2011年以CoxA16为主,2012年以EV71为主。2011-2012年共发生重症病例15例,初诊在个体诊所,初诊误诊、年龄、EV71感染、夏季、家住白云以下丘陵地区农村散居儿童是石门县重症病例发生的危险因素。结论石门县手足口病发病有明显的地区、季节、职业、年龄和性别特征,病原以CoxA16和EV71交替流行为主。做好重点地区、重点时段、重点人群的防控工作尤为重要。
Objective To summarize and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Shimen County from 2011 to 2012, and provide a strong evidence for the formulation of prevention and control measures in the next step. Methods According to the statistics of hand-foot-mouth disease in China’s disease prevention and control information system, the case data of hand-foot-mouth disease reported in 2011-2012 in Shimen County were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 1 881 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in the county during the two-year period from 2011 to 2012, showing a typical bimodal epidemic. The number of hand-foot-mouth disease was 39.01% in 2012 and the onset peak time was earlier and peaked. In 2012, The township has 16, of which the largest increase in the soap market; age of onset are mainly distributed in the 0 to 4 age group, more men than women, mostly in diaspora and child care; clinical manifestations of patients with hand, foot, mouth rash or herpes Mainly; etiology in 2011 to CoxA16-based, EV71-based in 2012. In 2011-2012, 15 cases of critically ill patients were newly diagnosed. Individual clinics, newly diagnosed misdiagnosis, age and EV71 infection were the risk factors for the occurrence of severe cases in Shimen County. Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shimen County is obviously regional, seasonal, occupational, age and sex. The pathogens are mainly CoxA16 and EV71. Do a good job in key areas, key periods, prevention and control of key populations is particularly important.