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青少年成人起病型糖尿病(maturity onset diabetes of the young，MODY)是一组单基因常染色体显性遗传病，其特征在于基因突变导致胰岛β细胞功能异常，继而引发胰岛素生成或分泌减少。肝细胞核因子1A(hepatocyte nuclear factor，HNF1A)即MODY3基因突变是MODY最常见的病因。瘦素和胰岛素都是调节能量代谢的主要激素，二者效应通路相互作用，共同调节进食与能量平衡，瘦素作为能量代谢和免疫调节的重要一环，在MODY发病过程中起到不可忽视的作用，了解瘦素在糖代谢和免疫调控方面的机制将为深入理解MODY的发生发展提供重要的理论依据，为疾病的干预和治疗提供新思路。“,”Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a monogenic, autosomal dominant form of diabetes characterised by mutations in genes resulting in dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells and subsequent insulin production.Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A (HNF1A), a mutation in the MODY3 gene, is the most common cause of MODY.Leptin and insulin are the main hormones that regulate energy metabolism.The interaction pathways of the two interact to regulate the feeding and energy balance.As an important part of energy metabolism and immune regulation, leptin can not be ignored in the pathogenesis of MODY.Therefore, revealing the mechanism of in glucose metabolism and immune regulation will provide important insights in the development of MODY , the theoretical basis provides new ideas for interventional treatment of MODY.