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目的调查某机场行李货物搬运作业人员肌肉骨骼疾患患病情况,探讨影响机场搬运作业人员下背痛(LBP)的工效学因素。方法选取某机场在职行李货物搬运作业人员383人为研究对象,采用自主研发的《肌肉骨骼损伤问卷》调查损伤情况,职业紧张调查参考工作内容量表(JCQ)中的部分内容,采取横断面调查,对可能影响作业人员下背痛的不同因素进行单因素χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果机场行李货物搬运作业人员下背痛的总患病率为62.7%。按α=0.05水平,Logistic回归分析结果显示影响机场行李货物搬运作业人员下背痛患病风险的6个因素均有统计学意义,其中5个危险因素:背部弯曲幅度、经常转身、弯腰同时转身、劳动强度和吸烟;1个保护因素:经常锻炼身体。结论不良工作姿势、劳动强度和不良生活习惯对下背痛的患病均有不同程度的影响。减少吸烟行为,增加体育锻炼次数,能够降低搬运作业人员下背痛发病的风险。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among cargo handling workers at an airport and explore the ergonomic factors that affect LBP in airport handling workers. Methods A total of 383 persons engaged in the cargo handling of in-service luggage at a certain airport were selected as research objects. The injury status was investigated by self-developed “Musculoskeletal Injury Questionnaire”, and part of contents of JCQ were taken. Cross-sectional surveys, Univariate χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the different factors that may affect the worker’s lower back pain. Results The overall prevalence of back pain in cargo handling workers at airport baggage was 62.7%. According to the level of α = 0.05, Logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant differences among the six factors affecting the risk of back pain in the cargo handling workers in the airport baggage baggage. Among them, five risk factors were back flexion, frequent turning and bending Turn around, labor intensity and smoking; 1 protective factor: regular exercise. Conclusion Poor work posture, labor intensity and bad habits have different degrees of influence on the illness of lower back pain. Reduce smoking behavior, increase the number of physical exercise, can reduce the risk of handling workers under the incidence of back pain.