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重商主义是西欧中古封建社会向近代资本主义社会过渡时期盛行于一些国家和地区的经济思想、经济政策和经济实践的总称。学界以往多从经济思想史的角度考察重商主义,对其思想和政策进行总结和介绍。从文化视角进行考察,我们发现重商主义中蕴含着丰富的内涵:即肯定和重视“近代商业”价值;崇拜和追求金银等货币财富;信奉自由、平等和个人主义价值观;具有商业意识和商业精神。重商主义经济文化是商业资本主义时代的经济文化,它是对中世纪以农为本的自然经济的否定,它为现代市场经济文化奠定了重要基础。
Mercantilism is a general term for economic thinking, economic policy and economic practice prevailing in some countries and regions during the transition period of medieval feudal society in Western Europe to modern capitalist society. In the past, the academic circles mostly studied mercantilism from the perspective of economic and ideological history and summarized and introduced their thoughts and policies. From a cultural perspective, we find that mercantilism contains rich connotations: affirming and valuing the value of “modern business”; adoring and pursuing monetary wealth such as gold and silver; believing in the values of freedom, equality and individualism; having commercial Consciousness and business spirit. Mercantilist economic culture is the economic culture of the era of commercial capitalism. It is a negation of the natural economy based on agriculture in the Middle Ages. It laid an important foundation for the modern market economy and culture.