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为了克服战后以来的首次经济危机,德国社民党与联盟党于1966年组成大联合政府。社民党经济专家卡尔·席勒担任经济部长后提出“社会对称”的理念,它主导并影响了社民党60至70年代的经济及社会政策。本文拟对这一理念提出的时代背景、核心内容和实践效果加以评述,以期更好地了解德国在20世纪60-70年代稳定经济、缩小贫富差距、促进经济民主的努力,丰富对德国社会市场经济体系的认识,并期待为中国解决贫富差距、构建和谐社会的努力提供有益的借鉴。
In order to overcome the first economic crisis since the war, the German Social Democratic Party and the coalition party formed a coalition government in 1966. The concept of “social symmetry” was put forward by the Social Democrats economic expert Karl Schiller after he assumed the post of Minister of Economy. It dominates and affects the Social Democratic Party’s economic and social policies from the 1960s to the 1970s. This article intends to comment on the background, core contents and practical effects of this idea in order to better understand Germany’s efforts to stabilize the economy, narrow the gap between the rich and the poor, and promote economic democracy in the 1960s and 1970s, and to enrich Germany’s social Market economy system and look forward to providing a useful reference for China to solve the gap between rich and poor and build a harmonious society.