物體及介質塑性經形的力學方面研究的發展在近年來是沿着三個基本方向進行的。第一方面研究塑性理論的一些物理基礎,即關於運動學元素(變形張量、变形率張量等等)和應力、其随時間的改變以及和溫度之間的聯系的法則。第二方面是發展結構、物体及介質的應力、变形、流動、動力學的計算以及確定强度條件的有效方法。第三方面是發展這 In recent years, the development of research on the mechanical and mechanical properties of objects and media has been conducted in three basic directions. The first is to study some of the physical foundations of plasticity theory, that is, the laws governing kinematic elements (deformation tensors, deformation tensor, etc.) and stresses, their change over time, and their relation to temperature. The second area is the development of structures, objects and media stress, deformation, flow, the calculation of dynamics and effective methods to determine the strength conditions. The third area is to develop this