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西南诸省是我国碳酸盐岩最发育的地区。震旦系碳酸盐岩沉积巨厚,出露广泛,分布稳定,矿产丰富,别具特色。其地层记录具有地史发生重要转折阶段的特征。因而探讨其沉积环境对于解决或认识我国南方晚前寒武系的划分对比、岩石成因、地质发展史以及寻找矿产资源都具有一定的意义。为此,自1966年以来,笔者先后对川、黔、滇、湘、鄂西、陕南等省震旦系陡山沱组和灯影组具代表性的地层剖面,进行了野外调查和室内研究。本文仅将碳酸盐岩和磷块岩的简要特征及沉积环境方面的资料予以整理,供今后深入研究参考。
Southwest provinces are the most developed areas of carbonate rocks in China. Sinian carbonate sediments thick, exposed wide, stable distribution, rich in minerals, unique. Its stratigraphic record has the characteristics of an important turning point in geo-history. Therefore, it is of significance to explore the sedimentary environment to resolve or recognize the division of late Precambrian in southern China, the origin of rocks, the history of geological development and the search for mineral resources. To this end, since 1966, the author has carried out field investigations and laboratory studies on the representative stratigraphic sections of the Sinian Doushantuo Formation and Dengying Formation in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan, Hubei and Shaanxi provinces . In this paper, only the brief features of carbonate rock and phosphate rock and sedimentary environment information to be collated for further study and reference.