在当前人权理论研究中,首要人权的研究应该引起充分重视,首要人权概念的出现使人权范畴的分类进一步深化。在基本人权中进一步划出首要人权,有助于深入揭示人权范畴的层次性、关联性和互动性。在过去半个多世纪中,国内外条件决定我国人民所要争取的首要人权是生存权。生存权所要解决的主要问题是人民的衣食温饱问题。如何摆脱帝国主义和殖民主义统治,争取国家和民族的独立解放,解决人民的温饱问题,这的确是过去我国在人权方面所面临的首要任务。几十年来,经过人民的 In the current study of human rights theory, the study of the most important human rights should be given full consideration. The emergence of the concept of primary human rights further deepens the classification of human rights. The further delineation of primary human rights in basic human rights helps to reveal in depth the hierarchy, relevance and interactivity of human rights. In the past half century or more, domestic and foreign conditions have determined that the primary human rights to be won by our people are the right to life. The main issue to be solved for the right to subsistence is the food and clothing of the people. How to get rid of the rule of imperialism and colonialism, strive for the independent liberation of the country and the nation, and solve the people’s food and clothing problem is indeed the primary task that our country faces in the past in terms of human rights. For decades, after the people