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[目的]构建高产春玉米良好的群体结构,提高春玉米光能利用率,充分发挥春玉米的增产潜力。[方法]在大田试验条件下,从玉米品种、密度和肥料管理方面研究了3种模式(农户模式、优化模式、高产模式)对春玉米物质生产与群体光合生理指标的影响。[结果]优化模式和高产模式较农户模式分别增产10.79%、27.62%,秃尖长度显著减少。3种模式的叶面积指数(LAI),群体光合势(LAD),干物质累积(DMA)以及生长率(CGR)规律依次为高产模式>优化模式>传统模式。[结论]优化品种、合理增密以及加强养分资源管理是春玉米获得高产的关键措施。
[Objective] The study aimed to construct a good population structure of high-yielding spring maize, improve the utilization of light energy of spring maize, and give full play to the yield-increasing potential of spring maize. [Method] The effects of three modes (farmer mode, optimization mode and high yield mode) on the material production and photosynthetic physiological indices of spring maize were studied under the conditions of field experiment under corn variety, density and fertilizer management. [Result] The optimized mode and high-yield mode increased 10.79% and 27.62% respectively than peasant household mode, and the length of bald tip decreased significantly. The LAI, LAD, DMA and CGR of the three modes were in order of high yield mode> optimized mode> traditional mode. [Conclusion] Optimizing variety, reasonable densification and strengthening management of nutrient resources were the key measures for high yield of spring maize.