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目的探讨胎儿脐血染色体制备核型分析技术在产前诊断中的应用价值和临床意义。方法对符合产前诊断指征的344例孕妇在妊娠23-38周行脐血穿刺术,抽取脐血1-2ml进行细胞培养,G显带分析胎儿染色体核型。结果 344例脐带血中培养成功341例,成功率达99.13%。在培养成功的脐血中,发现染色体异常42例,异常率12.32%(42/341),以三体型最多见,共25例,占染色体异常的59.52%;染色体多态性4例(占9.5%),染色体倒位4例(占9.52%),其他9例(占21.43%)。结论通过脐血细胞培养染色体核型分析,可以实现胎儿染色体病的产前诊断,减少染色体异常患儿出生,对减轻家庭和社会的经济负担以及提高出生人口素质具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the value and clinical significance of fetal karyotype analysis of karyotypes in prenatal diagnosis. Methods 344 pregnant women who met the prenatal diagnosis indications were performed umbilical cord blood puncture at 23-38 weeks of gestation, 1-2ml cord blood was taken for cell culture, and G-banding was used to analyze fetal karyotype. Results 344 cases of umbilical cord blood successfully cultured in 341 cases, the success rate of 99.13%. In the successful culture of umbilical cord blood, 42 cases of chromosomal abnormalities were found, the abnormality rate was 12.32% (42/341), the trisomy type was the most common, 25 cases accounted for 59.52% of chromosomal abnormalities; chromosome polymorphism in 4 cases (9.5 %), Chromosome inversion in 4 cases (9.52%), the other 9 cases (21.43%). Conclusion The analysis of karyotypes of umbilical cord blood cells can make prenatal diagnosis of fetal chromosomal diseases and reduce the birth of children with chromosomal abnormalities. It is of great significance to reduce the economic burden on families and society and to improve the quality of birth population.