30多年前,当时的文化部长、中国作家协会主席茅盾曾在一篇文章中写道;“……我们中国人民对苏联文学有着极为深厚的感情,把它当作良师益友。”的确,苏联文学曾经是整整一代中国人的精神养料,直到今天,中国每一个文学和文化爱好者对苏联文学也都不会感到陌生。然而,要对“苏联文学”这个概念作一个科学、严密的界定,却并非易事。在前苏联,“苏联文学”这一概念最早出现在1923年《真理报》上的一篇文章里。而对这一概念最权威、最充分的阐述,恐怕还是高尔基于1934年在第一次全苏作家代表大会上所作的题为《苏联的文学》的报告。高尔基从性质和 More than 30 years ago, Mao Dun, then minister of culture and chairman of the Chinese Writers’ Association, wrote in an article: “... we Chinese people have a very deep feeling for Soviet literature and regard it as a mentor.” Indeed, Soviet literature once It is an entire generation of Chinese spiritual nourishment. Even today, every literary and cultural enthusiast in China will not be unfamiliar with Soviet literature. However, to make a scientific and rigorous definition of the concept of “Soviet literature” is not easy. In the former Soviet Union, the concept of “Soviet literature” first appeared in an article in the 1923 Pravda. However, the most authoritative and fuller explanation of this concept is probably Gorky’s report entitled “Soviet Literature”, which was first presented at the first All-Soviet Writers Congress in 1934. Gorky from nature and