《国王的演讲》:相信自己的声音

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  凭着12项提名领跑2011年奥斯卡并最终获得最佳导演、最佳影片、最佳男主角、最佳原创剧本的《国王的演讲》讲述了乔治六世在语言治疗师莱昂纳尔的帮助下如何一步步克服口吃障碍,成功发表二战演说的故事。曾经为BBC版《傲慢与偏见》诠释出最经典达西先生的科林·费斯(Colin Firth)通过饰演乔治六世一角终于摆脱了他在一线大牌与二线明星之间的长年徘徊,把这个长期生活在父兄阴影以及王室重担之下的可怜人演得活灵活现。这是一部典型的英国电影,不炫技、不夸张,内敛、平实却也励志——你是否从伯蒂顶住他人的压力、克服自我否定的心魔并最终找到自己的声音这一过程中找到一点启发呢?
  
  乔治五世去世,难过的伯蒂来到莱昂纳尔的诊所,两人把酒叙怀,提及往事……
  
  Lionel: Did David ever tease[取笑] you?
  Bertie: Oh yes, they all did, “B-b-b-b-Bertie.” Father encouraged it, said, “Get it out, boy!”—said it would make me stop. He said that… “I was afraid of my
  father, and my children are damn well going to be afraid of me!”
  Lionel: Are you naturally right-handed?
  Bertie: Left. I was punished. And now I use the right.
  Lionel: Yes, that’s very common with stammerers[结巴的人].
  Any other corrections?
  Bertie: Knock knees注1. Metal splints[夹板] were made worn…worn day and night.
  Lionel: Must have been painful.
  Bertie: Bloody agony[极大的痛苦]. Straight legs now.
  Lionel: Who were you closest to in your family?
  Bertie: Nannies. Not my first nanny—she, she…she loved David, hated me. When we were presented to my parents for the daily viewing, she’d...she’d
  pinch[捏] me so that I’d cry and be handed back to her immediately. She…
  Lionel: Sing it.
  Bertie: (sings) “Then she wouldn’t feed me, far far away.” Took my parents three years to notice. As you…as you can imagine, it caused some stomach problems…still. You know, Lionel, you’re the…the first ordinary Englishman...
  Lionel: Australian.
  Bertie: ...I’ve ever really spoken to. When I’m driven through the streets and I see the, you know, the common man staring at me, I’m struck by how little I know of his life, and how…how little he knows of mine.
  Lionel: What’re friends for?
  Bertie: I wouldn’t know.
  
  莱昂纳尔:大卫取笑过你吗?
  伯蒂:是啊,大家都笑我,叫我“伯伯伯伯伯蒂”。父亲还鼓励他们这样做,他说:“孩子,说话呀!”——以为这样就能让我不结巴。他说……“我也很怕我父亲,所以我的孩子不怕我才怪呢!”
  莱昂纳尔:你是天生的右撇子吗?
  伯蒂:左撇子。我总是被罚,现在改用右手了。
  莱昂纳尔:是的,口吃患者常常遇到这种情况。还有其他矫正吗?
  伯蒂:外八字脚。他们让我套金属夹板……从早到晚都得戴着。
  莱昂纳尔:那一定很不好受。
  伯蒂:可疼呢。现在总算是直腿了。
  莱昂纳尔:你在家和谁最亲近?
  伯蒂:保姆们,最早的那个除外——她……她……她喜欢大卫,讨厌我。每天我们觐见父母的时候……她……她就掐我,我就会哭,然后立刻被送回她那儿。她……
  莱昂纳尔:唱出来。
  伯蒂:(唱)“然后她不让我吃饭,离我远远的。”我父母过了三年才发现这件事。你也……可想而知,这给我的胃留下了
  病根……至今还没好。你知道,莱昂纳尔,你是……第一个英国平民……
  莱昂纳尔:澳大利亚平民。
  伯蒂:……能和我亲口交谈的。你知道,当车子驶过街头时,我看到百姓盯着我瞧,我忽然发现自己对他的人生一无所知,而……他也完全不了解我。
  莱昂纳尔:朋友不就是为此存在的吗?
  伯蒂:以前我不懂这个道理。
  
  口语锦囊
  观看英国影视作品的时候,大家一定没少听过“bloody”这个词吧。在英式英语中,“bloody”是一种很随便、甚至有点不礼貌的非正式用语,可以用于加强语气或表示判断,意思是“很、太、十分、非常”,例如:
  It’s bloody marvelous! (真是好极了!)
  “bloody”也可以在说话人非常生气的语境中表示一种发泄,意思是“该死的”,例如:
  A: Will you lend me £10? (你能借我十英镑吗?)
  B: Not bloody likely! (甭想!)
  另外,由于伯蒂(乔治六世)患有严重口吃,他的发音稍显含糊,语速较慢,而且常有停顿和卡壳,大家在听的时候需留意。
  注1:膝外翻俗称“外八字脚”,指的是下肢自然伸直或站立时两膝能相碰,两足内踝分离而不能靠拢,是常见的下肢畸形疾病。
  
  登基之后,大卫爱美人不爱江山的表现让伯蒂非常焦心……
  
  Lionel: What’s the matter? Why are you so upset?
  Bertie: Logue, you…you have no idea. My…my brother is infatuated[着迷的] with a woman who’s been married twice. She’s asking for divorce, and he is determined to marry her.
  Lionel: Jesus.
  Bertie: Mrs. Wallis Simpson of Baltimore.
  Lionel: That’s not right. Queen Wallis of Baltimore?
  Bertie: Unthinkable.
  Lionel: Can he do it?
  Bertie: Absolutely not, but he’s going to anyway. All hell’s broken loose.
  Lionel: Can’t they just carry on privately?
  Bertie: If only they would.
  Lionel: Where does this leave you?
  Bertie: I know my place. I, I’ll do anything in my power to keep my brother on the throne.
  Lionel: Is it that serious? Your place may well be on the throne.
  Bertie: I am not an alternative[二中择一] to my brother!
  Lionel: You can outshine[胜过] David...
  Bertie: Don’t take liberties! That’s bordering on[接近] treason[叛国罪].
  Lionel: I’m just saying you could be king. You could do it.
  Bertie: That is treason.
  Lionel: I’m trying to get you to realize you needn’t be governed by fear.
  Bertie: I’ve had enough of this.
  Lionel: What’re you so afraid of?
  Bertie: Your poisonous words!
  Lionel: Why did you come to me? You’re not some middle-class banker who wants elocution[演说术]
  lesson so you can chitchat[聊天] at posh[上流的] tea
  parties. Come on, Bertie…
  Bertie: Don’t attempt to instruct me on my duties! I’m the son of a…king—the brother of a…a king! You’re the disappointing son of a brewer[酿啤酒的人]! A jumped-up[自命不凡的] jackeroo[新手] from the outback[指澳大利亚的偏僻内陆]! You’re nobody! These sessions are over!
  
  莱昂纳尔:怎么了?为什么你这么生气?
  伯蒂:罗格,你……你有所不知。
  我……我哥哥迷上了一个结过两次婚的女人。她正在办离婚,他铁了心要娶她。
  莱昂纳尔:天啊。
  伯蒂:来自(美国)巴尔的摩的沃利斯·辛普森夫人。
  莱昂纳尔:听着就不对劲——来自巴尔的摩的沃利斯王后?
  伯蒂:真是无法想象。
  莱昂纳尔:他能这么做吗?
  伯蒂:绝对不行,不过他是不会罢手的,事情马上就会一团糟。
  莱昂纳尔:他们就不能私下来往吗?
  伯蒂:他们愿意才怪呢。
  莱昂纳尔:那你打算怎么办?
  伯蒂:我知道自己的立场。我……我会尽一切所能,帮哥哥保住王位。
  莱昂纳尔:事态会如此严重吗?你自己也许会当上国王呢。
  伯蒂:我无意顶替哥哥!
  莱昂纳尔:你会比大卫更称职……
  伯蒂:你太放肆了!这简直就是叛国罪。
  莱昂纳尔:我只是说你有能力当国王。你完全胜任。
  伯蒂:这是叛国。
  莱昂纳尔:我想让你明白,你没必要被恐惧束缚住手脚。
  伯蒂:我受够了。
  莱昂纳尔:什么东西让你这么害怕?
  伯蒂:你恶毒的蛊惑!
  莱昂纳尔:那你为什么来找我?你可不是什么中产银行家,为了在上流茶会闲聊而训练嘴皮子。得了吧,伯蒂……
  伯蒂:我的职责不用你插嘴!我的父亲
  是……国王——我的哥哥是……国王!你只不过是酿酒师那一事无成的儿子!从澳洲乡下跑来的菜鸟,还一副自命不凡的模样!你只是一个无名小卒!我们的治疗结束了!
  
  口语锦囊
  “all hell broke loose”是一个固定习语,意思是“突然喧闹起来,一片混乱”,选段中为语态变化。
  “take liberties”作为及物动词短语使用时常与“with”搭配,意思是“对他人太随便,放肆,失礼”,也可以表示“歪曲或任意篡改(文章、历史等)”,例如:
  He may not tell lies, but he does often take liberties with the truth. (他也许不是说谎,但他确实经常歪曲事实。)
  
  为了迎娶爱人,大卫毅然退位。被迫继任的伯蒂与莱昂纳尔言归于好,但内臣们对莱昂纳尔的来历产生了怀疑……
  
  Lionel: I can’t believe I’m walking on Chaucer and Handel and Dickens. Everything alright? Let’s get cracking[开始卖力地干].
  Bertie: I’m not here to rehearse[排练], “Doctor” Logue.
  Lionel: Call me Lionel.
  Bertie: True, you never called yourself “Doctor.” I did that for you. No training, no diploma[文凭], no
  qualifications[资格证明], just a great deal of nerve.
  Lionel: The Star Chamber inquisition, is it?
  Bertie: You asked for trust and total equality.
  Lionel: Bertie, I heard you at Wembley. I was there. My son Laurie said, “Dad, do you think you could help that poor man?”
  Bertie: What, as a failed actor?
  Lionel: It’s true, I’m not a doctor; and yes, I acted a bit. Well, I recited in pubs; I taught elocution in schools. When the Great War注2 came, all our
  soldiers were returning to Australia from the front. A lot of them shellshocked注3, unable to speak. Somebody said, “Lionel, you’re very good at all this speech stuff. Do you think you could possibly help these poor buggers[(英俚)家伙]?” I did muscle therapy, exercises, relaxation, but I knew I had to go deeper. Those poor young blokes[(英俚)小子] had cried out in fear—no one was listening to them. My job was to give them faith in their own voice and let them know that a friend was listening. That must ring a few
  bells[让人想起某事] with you, Bertie.
  Bertie: You give a very noble account[描述] of yourself.
  Lionel: Make inquiries[质询]. It’s all true.
  Bertie: Inquiries have been made. You have no idea who I have breathing down my neck[密切注视]. I vouched[担保] for you and you have no credentials[证明].
  Lionel: But lots of success! I can’t show you a
  certificate[证书], there was no training then. Everything I know I know from experience, and that war was some experience. My plaque[匾] says “L. Logue, Speech
  Defects[缺陷],” not Dr.—there’re no letters after my name. Lock me in the Tower.
  Bertie: I would if I could.
  Lionel: On what charge?
  Bertie: Fraud[欺诈]! With war looming[迫近], you’ve saddled[拖累] this nation with a voiceless king. You’ve destroyed the happiness of my family, all for the sake of ensnaring[诱捕] a star patient you couldn’t possibly
  hope to assist! It’ll be like Mad King George the Third. There’ll be Mad King George the Stammerer, who let his people down so badly in their hour of need…what’re you doing? Get up! You can’t sit there!
  Get up!
  Lionel: Why not? It’s a chair.
  Bertie: No, it, that is not a chair! That is…that is St. Edward’s chair!
  Lionel: People have carved their names on it.
  Bertie: That chair is the seat on which every king and queen…
  Lionel: It’s held in place by a large rock!
  Bertie: That is the Stone of Scone! You are…are trivializing[使琐碎平庸] everything! You are trivializing…
  Lionel: I don’t care. I don’t care how many royal
  assholes[屁眼儿] have sat on this chair…
  Bertie: Listen to me...listen to me...listen to me!!
  Lionel: Listen to you? By what right?
  Bertie: By divine[神的] right, if you must! I’m your king!
  Lionel: No, you’re not. You told me so yourself. You said you didn’t want it. Why should I waste my time listening to you?
  Bertie: Because I have a right to be heard! I HAVE A VOICE!!
  Lionel: Yes, you do. You have such per-
  severance[坚定不移], Bertie, you’re the bravest man I know. You’ll make a bloody good king.
  
  莱昂纳尔:真不敢相信我正走在乔叟、亨德尔和狄更斯的墓上。没问题吧?我们开始干活啦。
  伯蒂:我不是来彩排的,罗格“医生”。
  莱昂纳尔:叫我莱昂纳尔。
  伯蒂:没错,你从不自称“医生”,是我要这样称呼你——没受过训练,没有文凭执照,没有资格认证,穷有一身胆量。
  莱昂纳尔:这是星室法庭的秘密审问,对吧?
  伯蒂:你竟还要求得到信任和绝对平等的
  对待。
  莱昂纳尔:伯蒂,我在温布利球场听过你的演讲。我当时也在场。我儿子劳里说:“爸爸,您可以帮帮这个可怜人吗?”
  伯蒂:什么,就凭你这个蹩脚演员?
  莱昂纳尔:没错,我不是医生;的确,我曾经参与演出。噢,我在酒馆里朗诵,还在学校教演讲课。后来大战爆发了,我们的士兵从前线撤回澳大利亚。他们当中许多人得了弹震症,无法开口说话。有人就说:“莱昂纳尔,你对演说之类挺在行的,能设法帮帮这些可怜的家伙吗?”我尝试了肌肉疗法、身体锻炼和放松训练,不过我知道,治疗还得更深入才能奏效。这些可怜的小伙子发出恐惧的呐喊,却没有人听他们说话。我的工作就是让他们对自己的声音重拾信心,让他们知道,总有一个朋友愿意倾听。这些你应该也有所体会吧,伯蒂。
  伯蒂:你太抬举自己了。
  莱昂纳尔:你可以去调查,这都是事实。
  伯蒂:已经调查过了。你不知道有多少人盯着我不放呢。我为你做了担保,你却连个证书都没有。
  莱昂纳尔:可我成功治愈了很多人!我没有证书给你看,那时也没有这方面的培训。我的一切知识都来自于实践,是那场战争给了我经验。我的牌子上写的是
  “L·罗格,语言障碍治疗师”,上面没写医生——我的名字也没加头衔。把我关进伦敦塔好了。
  伯蒂:我也恨不得把你关进去。
  莱昂纳尔:罪名是什么?
  伯蒂:欺诈!战争迫在眉睫之时,你竟让这个国家被一个不能说话的国王所拖累。你为了留住一个名人患者不惜毁了我的家庭幸福,其实你根本不可能治好我!就像疯国王乔治三世那样,这下我成了疯国王口吃乔治,在人民最需要的时候彻底辜负了他们的期望……你在做什么?起来!你不能坐在那儿!给我起来!
  莱昂纳尔:为什么不行?这只是一把椅子。
  伯蒂:不,它……它不只是椅子!它是……它是圣爱德华的椅子!
  莱昂纳尔:人们还在这上面刻名字呢。
  伯蒂:历代国王和女王都坐在这把椅子
  上……
  莱昂纳尔:它被固定在一块石头上呢!
  伯蒂:那是斯库恩石座!你这是……你不将这一切放在眼里!你蔑视……
  莱昂纳尔:我不在乎。我才不在乎有多少皇家屁股坐过这把椅子……
  伯蒂:你听我说……听我说……听我说!!
  莱昂纳尔:听你说?凭什么?
  伯蒂:君权神授——如果你非要一个理由的话!我是你的国王!
  莱昂纳尔:不,你才不是呢。你自己说的,你说你不想当国王。那我干嘛还要浪费时间听你说话呢?
  伯蒂:因为我有被人聆听的权利!我有
  发言权!!
  莱昂纳尔:是的,你有。你是如此不屈不挠,伯蒂,你是我认识的最勇敢的人。你一定会成为一位好国王。
  
  注2:“the Great War”是人们对第一次世界大战的过时称呼。
  注3:弹震症(shellshock)又译作“战斗疲劳症”或“炮弹休克症”,一般认为是由于战场上的隆隆炮火对士兵的心理造成震荡或者创伤,让人失去战斗勇气。
  
  口语锦囊
  这段对话中涉及到许多英国文化常识,我们在此汇总一下:
  坐落于伦敦的威斯敏斯特教堂(Westminster Abbey)最初由笃信宗教的“忏悔者”爱德华一世下令修建。它既是英国国教的礼拜堂,又是历代英王举行加冕典礼、王室成员举行婚礼的大礼堂,还是一个国葬陵墓。教堂内的“诗人角”(Poets’ Corner)因埋葬14 世纪诗人乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer)和文艺复兴时期诗人斯宾塞(Edmund Spenser)而得名。英国许多著名文学家、艺术家、政治家、军事家及科学家都在教堂内建有墓室或墓碑。
  加冕宝座位于圣爱德华礼拜堂内,宝座下为斯库恩石座(the Stone of Scone),又称为“命运之石”(Stone of Destiny)。此石原为古苏格兰国王或女王加冕时使用,爱德华一世征讨苏格兰时将它夺走,并在石头上配了一把橡木椅子。此后,历代英王都在这张椅子上加冕。1996年,斯库恩石座正式归还苏格兰。
  星室法庭(Star Chamber)与伦敦塔(Tower of London)则是英国司法史上有名的两大机构。前者为15至17世纪英国最高司法机构,成员由枢密院官员、主教和高级法官组成,直接受国王操纵,专门对不忠贵族进行秘密审讯。有九百多年历史的伦敦塔曾作为堡垒、军械库、国库、铸币厂、宫殿、天文台及避难所使用。这里还是一座著名的监狱,后来成为宫廷阴谋和王室斗争的地方,关押过许多上层阶级的囚犯,这一历史还演变出短语“send to the Tower”(入狱)。(CE: Teens在2008年11月号的“环球风情”介绍过伦敦塔,感兴趣的同学可查阅。)
  
  二战在即,伯蒂在莱昂纳尔的陪同下向英国人民发表广播讲话……
  
  Bertie: In this grave[重大的] hour, perhaps the most fateful in our history, I send to every household of my peoples—both at home and overseas—this message, spoken with the same depth of feeling for each one of you as if I were able to cross your threshold[门槛] and speak to you myself.
  For the second time in the lives of most of us, we are at…at war. Over and over again, we have tried to find a peaceful way out of the differences between ourselves and those who are now our enemies. But it has been in vain[徒劳]. We have been forced into a conflict. For we are called to meet the challenge of a principle which, if it were to prevail[获胜], would be fatal to any civilized order in the world. Such a principle, stripped of all disguise[伪装],
  is surely the mere[仅仅] primitive[原始的] doctrine[主义] that might[权力] is right. For the sake of all that we ourselves hold dear, it is unthinkable that we should refuse to meet the challenge.
  It is to this high purpose that I now call my people at home and my peoples across the seas who will make our cause their own. I ask them to stand calm and firm, and united in this time of trial[考验].
  The task will be hard. There may be dark days ahead, and war can no longer be confined to[把……局限于]
  the battlefield. But we can only do the right as we see the right and reverently[虔诚地] commit our cause to God. If one and all[每个人] we keep resolutely[坚定地] faithful to it, then, with God’s help, we shall prevail.
  
  伯蒂:在这个严峻的时刻,也许是我国史上最生死攸关的紧要关头,我向家家户户的子民——不论是国内还是海外同胞——传达这个消息。对你们的心情,我感同身受,仿如挨家挨户,亲自上门向你们诉说一般。
  对我们当中的大多数人来说,这将是他们第二次……经历战争的洗礼。我们曾经一再尝试寻求和平之道,求同存异,与现在的敌人化干戈为玉帛。然而一切都是徒劳。我们被迫卷入这场战争。我们所面临的是一个邪恶信念的挑战。假若敌方取胜,世界文明秩序将毁于一旦。这个所谓的信念,若剥去其伪装的外衣,不过是在赤裸裸地追求“强权即真理”。为了捍卫我们所珍视的一切,我们别无他想,必须接受这个挑战。
  为此崇高目标,我在此呼吁国内民众以及海外子民以抗争为己任。我恳请大家保持冷静,坚定不移,在考验之时万众一心。
  如此重任必将困难重重。前路可能乌云密布,战场将不再局限于前线阵地。但只有心怀真知,并将此战虔诚献给我主,我们才能正确行事。只要全体人民坚守信念,蒙我主庇佑,我们终将获胜。
  
  口语锦囊
  这是英语演讲史上最重要的演讲之一,极大地鼓舞了当时的英国军民奋起抗争,投入二战。这段讲话语速缓慢,语音清晰,语言平实,感情充沛,而且配乐气势磅礴,是非常好的精听精读材料。喜欢英音的同学不妨进行反复跟读,熟悉内容之后将这篇演讲背诵下来吧。
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