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一、问题的提出 在近岸和港湾工程的波浪计算中,海浪工作者往往注重有关波浪要素的计算方法,而忽视计算重现期波高所需的水位值的选取问题。众所周知,波浪从较深水域传向近岸浅水区,尤其是港湾的传播过程中,由于水深变小和底摩擦的作用,波浪的能量发生了变化,对于各种重现波高而言,由于波高较大,因而,浅水因素的影响更为显著,特别是位于波浪破碎区内的海上结构物,其设计波高的大小完全由计算者所选取的水深值(结构物位置固定后,决定因素是水位值)所决定,因而,这个水位值的选取,是一个关系到结构物的安全和造价的重要问题。
I. PROBLEM PROBLEMS In the wave calculation of nearshore and harbor engineering, wave workers often pay attention to the calculation method of wave elements and neglect the selection of the water level values required for calculating the wave height of recurrence. It is well-known that the energy of a wave has changed due to the smaller depth of water and the effect of bottom friction when the waves are transmitted from deeper waters to the coastal shallow waters, especially in the harbor. For all kinds of recurring waves, Therefore, the influence of shallow water factor is more significant. Especially the offshore structures located in the area with broken waves have a design wave height that is completely determined by the depth of water selected by the operator (after the structure is fixed, the water level Value) decision, therefore, the selection of the water level value, is an important issue related to the safety and cost of the structure.