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一、染色体技术简史自从染色体是遗传物质的主要载体这一事实被人们公认以来,人体染色体便成为人体生物学和医学遗传学所研究的重要课题。但在二十世纪五十年代以前,由于染色体技术的限制,对染色体的数目、分组和命名存在混乱现象。直到1953年,徐道觉用体细胞培养和低渗处理,使染色体较好地分散。1956年 Tjio 和 Ford 等采用秋水仙素处理,使分裂细胞停止于中期。1960年 Nowell 等加用 PHA 处理,以促进细胞分裂。这些技术的改进,使人们对人体染色体有
First, a brief history of chromosome technology Since the fact that chromosomes are the main carriers of genetic material has been recognized, the human chromosome has become an important subject of human biology and medical genetics. However, before the 1950s, due to the limitations of chromosome technology, the number of chromosomes, grouping and naming were confused. Until 1953, Xu Daoguang somatic cell culture and hypotonic treatment, so that chromosomes well dispersed. 1956 Tjio and Ford, etc. using colchicine treatment, the division of cells stopped in the metaphase. 1960 Nowell plus PHA treatment to promote cell division. Improvements in these technologies have led people to have human chromosomes