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目的了解新生儿外科感染性疾病的病原菌分布与耐药情况,为合理用药提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对湖北省某医院509例住院新生儿外科感染性疾病患儿送检病原学标本进行检测和分析。结果从509例患儿送检标本中检出致病菌阳性402例,阳性率78.98%;感染病种以肛周脓肿和脐炎居多,占68.4%。检出致病菌居前3位的分别为金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G和氨苄西林耐药率为100%;对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢西丁、克林霉素、苯唑西林和红霉素耐药率均接近40%。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高,对其他种类抗菌药物均不同程度耐药。结论该医院新生儿外科感染性疾病的致病菌以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌为主,应依据药敏试验结果合理使用抗菌药物。
Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in neonatal surgical infectious diseases and provide the basis for rational drug use. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to detect and analyze etiological specimens of 509 hospitalized neonates with surgical infectious diseases in a hospital in Hubei Province. Results A total of 402 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 509 cases of children, the positive rate was 78.98%. Most of the infected patients were perianal abscess and omphalitis, accounting for 68.4%. Top three pathogens were detected Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Staphylococcus aureus penicillin G and ampicillin resistance rate of 100%; for amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, clindamycin, oxacillin and erythromycin resistance rates were close to 40%. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae ampicillin resistance rate of the highest, other types of antimicrobial resistance to varying degrees. Conclusions The pathogenic bacteria of neonatal surgical infectious diseases in this hospital are Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiotics should be used reasonably based on the results of drug susceptibility test.