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目的了解上海市初中生网络成瘾流行现状与网络行为特征间的相关性,为有关部门制定防控青少年网络成瘾政策提供建议。方法 2015年12月至2016年1月,采用二阶段分层整群抽样方法,抽取上海市5个区的5所普通中学学生3 108名,有效3 021名,使用自行编制的《网络使用情况调查问卷》《网络成瘾量表(IAT)》进行调查。结果 3 021名初中生,网络成瘾阳性529名,阳性率17.51%。不同年级网络成瘾阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=66.08,P<0.01);不同性别网络成瘾阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.35,P=0.01)。城区学校网瘾率高于郊区学校,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.89,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,每天上网时间>1h、上网时间占空闲时间的比例>1/2、最长上网时间>3h、高频次上网(≥3次/d)、每次上网时间>1h以及网络娱乐和网络交际是初中生网络成瘾的影响因素。结论上海市初中生网络成瘾流行现状不容乐观,青少年网瘾防治措施的制定和引导其合理使用网络过程中,应充分考虑学生网络使用特征,尤其是在网络使用时间、频次以及网络功能应用等方面。
Objective To understand the correlation between the prevalence of internet addiction and internet behavior among junior high school students in Shanghai, and to provide suggestions for the relevant departments to formulate a policy to prevent and control adolescent internet addiction. Methods From December 2015 to January 2016, a total of 3 108 students from 5 general secondary schools in 5 districts of Shanghai were recruited by using two-stage stratified cluster sampling method, with 3,021 valid students. Using the self-prepared “Network Usage Questionnaire ”“ Internet Addiction Scale (IAT) ”to investigate. Results 3 021 junior high school students, 529 positive Internet addiction, the positive rate of 17.51%. The positive rates of internet addiction in different grades were statistically different (χ ~ 2 = 66.08, P <0.01). The positive rates of internet addiction in different sex groups were statistically different (χ ~ 2 = 6.35, P = 0.01). Urban school addiction rate was higher than suburban schools, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 9.89, P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the online time> 1h, the percentage of idle time> 1/2, the longest time> 3h, the high frequency (≥3times / d), the time of each access> 1h As well as the network entertainment and network communication are the influencing factors of junior high school students’ internet addiction. Conclusions The prevalence of internet addiction among junior high school students in Shanghai is not optimistic. The development of Internet addiction prevention and control measures should guide the rational use of internet. Students should take full account of the characteristics of internet use, especially when using the internet, frequency and network functions aspect.