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为了解采煤沉陷影响下土壤理化性质的变化规律,及不同土壤基质对采煤沉陷的反应,在神木县大柳塔矿采区,分别对五个年份的6个沉陷区及其对照区进行土壤理化指标进行了测定并分析。结果表明:随沉陷年限的增加,土壤容重减小,随土层深度的增加沉陷区与对照区容重变化基本一致。土壤粘粒含量随沉陷年限的增加而增加,随土层深度的增加呈由大到小的趋势,土壤砂粒含量变化与之相反。土壤pH值随沉陷年限的增加而降低;有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量随沉陷年限的增加而增大;全钾在沉陷1年后显著增大,与有机质、全氮、全磷变化趋势不一致。相对于硬梁地,采煤沉陷对沙地影响较大。沉陷16年的沙地土壤理化性质与对照区基本趋于一致。
In order to understand the changing law of soil physical and chemical properties under the influence of mining subsidence and the response of different soil matrices to coal mining subsidence, soil was collected from 6 subsidence areas and their control areas in five years in Daliuta Mining Area of Shenmu County Physical and chemical indicators were measured and analyzed. The results show that with the increase of subsidence years, the bulk density of soil decreases. With the increase of soil depth, the change of bulk density of subsidence area and control area is basically the same. Soil clay content increases with the increase of subsidence, with the depth of the soil increasing from small to large trend, soil sand content changes in the opposite. The soil pH value decreased with the increase of subsidence years. The content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium increased with the increase of subsidence years. The total potassium increased significantly after 1 year of subsidence and was positively correlated with organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus The trend of change is inconsistent. Relative to the hard beam, mining subsidence has a greater impact on the sand. The physical and chemical properties of sandy land subsided for 16 years tend to be consistent with that of the control area.