NF- κB是一种核转录因子 ,众多研究发现 NF- κB与肿瘤细胞抵抗凋亡有关 ,而抑制 NF- κB则增强 TNF的抗肿瘤效应。近年来研究发现丙肝病毒核心蛋白可激活 NF-κB而拮抗细胞调亡 ,对 HCV持续感染和致癌可能起到重要作用 ,为丙肝病毒感染的病因和防治提供了新的线索。本文对这方面的有关研究作一综述。 NF-κB is a nuclear transcription factor. Numerous studies have found that NF-κB is involved in the resistance of tumor cells to apoptosis, whereas inhibition of NF-κB enhances the antitumor effect of TNF. In recent years, it has been found that HCV core protein activates NF-κB and antagonizes the apoptosis of cells, which may play an important role in persistent HCV infection and carcinogenesis. It provides new clues for the etiology and prevention of HCV infection. This article reviews the relevant research in this area.