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《档案法》第十九条规定:“国家档案馆保管的档案,一般应当自形成之日起满30年向社会开放。”这一规定得到了社会的普遍支持和关心,已有人通过来访、信函等方式要求到档案馆利用开放的档案。由于不少档案馆基础工作薄弱,人力不足,档案开放的准备工作量大,为了有效克服这一现实困难,尽快做好准备工作,笔者认为,较好的方法是从本馆实际出发,做好以下三个方面的选择: 一、选择好不同时期档案的开放顺序档案“自形成之日起满30年向社会开放”,是开放时期的大体规定。一个档案馆到底先开放建国前的历史档案,还是先开放建国后的现行档案,需要对馆藏档案进行全面调查研究,做出规划,制定准备工作的方针步骤。有些档案馆在选定不同时期档案的开放顺序时,采取了“由远及近”的办法,其主要理由是1982年中央办公厅、国务院办公厅转发了国家档案局《关于开放历史档案问题的报告》后,这些档案馆对开放历史档案做了大量的准备工作,奠定了今天开放档案的基础。一些历史档案比现行档案数量多,案卷质量差的档案馆,过去又没有进行历史档案开放的准备工作,笔者认为,采取“由近及远”的办法也是可行的,它可以加快档案开放准备工作的进度。
Article 19 of the “Archives Law” stipulates: “Archives kept by the State Archives should generally be open to the public 30 years from the date of their formation.” This provision has enjoyed universal support and concern from the community and has been passed by visitors, Letters and other means to the archives to use open files. Due to the weak foundation work and insufficient manpower of many archives, and the large preparation work for the opening up of archives, in order to effectively overcome this realistic difficulty and make preparations as soon as possible, the author believes that a better method is to proceed from the reality of this museum and do a good job The following three options: First, the choice of archives at different times the opening sequence Archives “from the date of formation of 30 years to the community open” is the general provisions of the opening period. In the end, an archive should open its historical archives before the founding of the People’s Republic or open the current archives after the founding of the People’s Republic. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive investigation and study of the archives of the archives and make plans and formulation of the guidelines and steps for preparations. Some archives adopted the “far and near” approach in selecting the order of opening archives in different periods. The main reason was that in 1982 the Central General Office and the General Office of the State Council transmitted the “Provisions of the State Archives Bureau on Opening Historical Archives Report ”, these archives made a lot of preparations for the opening up of historical archives, laying the foundation for today’s open archives. Some archives with more historical archives than the current one and the archives with poor quality have not been prepared for the opening up of historical archives in the past. In my opinion, it is also feasible to adopt a “near and far” approach, which can speed up the preparation of archives opening Progress.