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[目的]评价浙江省常见恶性肿瘤的危险因素。[方法]采用病例对照研究方法,对肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌等浙江省常见恶性肿瘤的危险因素行单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归方法分析危险因素。[结果]分析显示肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌的共同危险因素有性子急、负性生活事件、平时心情不愉快。有吃夜宵的习惯、吸烟、脑力活动为主的职业会增加患肿瘤的风险。喜食烫食、经常饮酒、平时心情不愉快是食管癌的危险因素。以荤菜为主的饮食方式、进食速度快、久坐以及泌尿生殖、肝胆和消化系统疾病史为结直肠癌的危险因素。雌激素替代疗法会增加乳腺癌的患病风险。以体力为主的职业可以降低肺癌、结直肠癌的风险。人均年收入与胃癌、乳腺癌的风险呈负相关。饮茶、素食为主的饮食方式对胃癌具有保护作用,平均每周进行重体力活的天数≥2d为肝癌的保护因素。[结论]饮食、行为等因素是浙江省常见恶性肿瘤的危险因素。
[Objective] To evaluate the risk factors of common malignant tumors in Zhejiang Province. [Methods] A case-control study was conducted to analyze the risk factors of common malignant tumors in Zhejiang Province such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer by univariate and multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression. [Results] The analysis showed that the common risk factors of lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer were acute and negative life events, and the usual mood was unpleasant. Eat supper habits, smoking, mental activity-based occupations will increase the risk of cancer. Feeding hot, often drinking, usually unpleasant mood is a risk factor for esophageal cancer. Meat dish-based diet, eating fast, sedentary and genitourinary, hepatobiliary and digestive system disease history as a risk factor for colorectal cancer. Estrogen replacement therapy increases the risk of breast cancer. Physical-based occupations can reduce the risk of lung cancer and colorectal cancer. Per capita annual income is negatively correlated with the risk of gastric cancer and breast cancer. Drinking tea, vegetarian diet based on the protective effect of gastric cancer, the average daily number of days of heavy physical activity ≥ 2d for the protection of liver cancer factors. [Conclusion] Diet, behavior and other factors are risk factors of common malignant tumors in Zhejiang Province.