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堆石料尺寸效应一直都是困扰工程设计和安全评价的一个难题。由于缺少较大尺寸的试验仪器和缺乏合理的尺寸效应评价体系,堆石料缩尺引起的强度和变形的变化规律还没有统一的认识,对缩尺引起的强度和变形差异的机理还不清楚。对相关研究涉及到的问题进行了分析、总结。笔者认为一套合理的堆石料尺寸效应评价体系,应该考虑试样边界约束尺寸效应、缩尺方法和标准及单粒细观特性尺寸效应等对宏观粒组变形特性的影响。为解决堆石料尺寸效应难题,大连理工大学近期完成了国内第一个超大三轴仪(试样直径800,1000 mm),连同早期开发和研制的系列三轴仪(试样直径100,200,300 mm)构成了多尺度三轴试验研究平台,为深入、系统地研究堆石料静动强度与变形的尺寸效应提供了技术支撑。
Rockfill size effect has always plagued engineering design and safety evaluation of a problem. Due to the lack of large-size test equipment and the lack of a reasonable size-effect evaluation system, there is no unified understanding of the strength and deformation variation caused by the scale-shrinkage of the rockfill material. The mechanism of the scale-induced strength and deformation difference is not yet clear. The problems involved in the research are analyzed and summarized. In my opinion, a set of reasonable evaluation system of size effect of rockfill should consider the influence of the boundary-constrained size effect, scaling method and standard and single-grain meso-scale size effect on the deformation characteristics of macroscopic granule. In order to solve the problem of size effect of rockfill materials, Dalian University of Technology recently completed the first large triaxial apparatus (800 and 1000 mm in diameter) in China, together with the earlier developed and developed series of triaxial apparatus (sample diameter 100, 200 and 300 mm) The multi-scale three-axis experimental research platform provides technical support for in-depth and systematic study on the size effect of the static strength and deformation of rockfill materials.