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为探究无髯鸢尾远缘杂交败育的主要原因是否是受精前障碍,以分属4个系的9个无髯鸢尾种(品种)为试材进行远缘杂交试验,对花粉活力、不同授粉方式对种间杂交结实率的影响以及常规授粉后花粉管行为进行观测,结果表明:常规授粉后,系间杂交组合Iris lactea‘lactea’×I.sibirica‘Lichterfeldius’和2个系内种间组合——I.sibirica‘Viel Creme’和西藏鸢尾正反交组合获得了种间杂种种子;提前授粉可克服马蔺×黄菖蒲种间杂交障碍,结实率由0提高到10%;对7个常规授粉未结实组合的花粉管行为进行荧光观察,发现均存在一定程度的花粉管胼胝质反应,但各组合最终均有少量花粉管伸入胚珠。无髯鸢尾种间杂交存在一定的受精前障碍,但不是远缘杂交败育的普遍决定因素,推测其最主要障碍发生在受精后。在以后的鸢尾育种过程中,应更多关注受精后障碍的克服。
In order to explore whether the main reason of Abortion in Abalone iris was pre-fertilization obstacle, the distant hybridization test was carried out on 9 Abies iris species (cultivars) belonging to 4 lines. Pollen viability, pollination Way on the rate of seed setting and pollen tube behavior after conventional pollination were observed. The results showed that after conventional pollination, the interspecific hybrid combination Iris lactea’lactea ’× I.sibirica’Lichterfeldius’ --I.sibirica’Viel Creme ’and Iris indica hybrid access to interspecific hybrid seeds; early pollination can overcome Iris × Iris interspecific hybridization barriers, seed setting rate increased from 0 to 10%; 7 routine Fluorescence observation showed that there was some degree of callose reaction in the pollen tube, but in the end, a few pollen tubes were eventually inserted into the ovule. There is a certain preimplantation disturbance in the interspecific hybridization of the iris, but it is not a universal determinant of distant abortion. It is supposed that the most important obstacle occurs after fertilization. In the future Iris breeding process, should pay more attention to overcome the obstacles after fertilization.