[目的]分析民航男性飞行员高尿酸血症的发病率及相关因素,同时探讨飞行员高尿酸血症与肾脏早期损伤之间的关系。[方法]对2013年在民航总医院航空人员体检检定所体检的民航男性飞行员体检资料进行分析。用酶联免疫吸附实验检测肾脏早期损伤指标,包括尿α1-微球蛋白(α1-MG)、尿β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、尿胱抑素C(Cys C)、尿N-乙酰β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、尿视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP),比较高尿酸与尿酸正常飞行员间的差异。[结果]高尿酸血症者共97名,患病率为25.2%,各年龄组间高尿酸血症患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,高尿酸血症的高危因素为高BMI、高血脂、高胆红素(P值分别为0.001、0.004、0.009)。高尿酸飞行员尿α1-MG、Cys C、NAG、RBP均高于尿酸正常者。[结论]高尿酸血症是危害民航男性飞行员健康的一种严重代谢性疾病,患病率明显高于普通人群或空军飞行员,且无年龄差别。高BMI、高血脂、高胆红素为高尿酸血症的高危因素;高血糖可能与高尿酸血症有潜在的相关性。高尿酸血症的飞行员伴有不同程度的肾脏早期损伤。 [Objective] To analyze the incidence and related factors of hyperuricemia in pilots of civil aviation and to explore the relationship between hyperuricemia in pilots and early renal damage. [Methods] The physical examination data of civil aviation male pilots who were inspected at the Civil Aviation Medical Examination of Civil Aviation General Hospital in 2013 were analyzed. The indicators of early renal injury were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, including urinary α1-MG, β2-MG, Cys C, urinary N- Acetyl β-glucosaminidase (NAG), urinary retinol binding protein (RBP), the difference between high uric acid and uric acid normal pilots. [Results] There were 97 hyperuricemia patients with a prevalence of 25.2%. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hyperuricemia among all age groups (P> 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for hyperuricemia were high BMI, hyperlipidemia and hyperbilirubin (P = 0.001, 0.004, 0.009 respectively). Hyperuric acid pilots urinary α1-MG, Cys C, NAG, RBP were higher than normal uric acid. [Conclusion] Hyperuricemia is a serious metabolic disease that endangers the health of male pilots. The prevalence is significantly higher than that of the general population or Air Force pilots, with no difference in age. High BMI, hyperlipidemia and hyperbilirubin are risk factors of hyperuricemia; hyperglycemia may be potentially related to hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia pilots with varying degrees of early kidney damage.