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目的:观察冠心病患者的颈动脉超声检查的特征,探索冠心病病情严重程度与颈动脉超声检查的关系。方法:选择在心内科同期住院的102例冠心病患者,其中心肌梗死(MI)患者37例,非MI患者65例,另选58例非冠心病患者作为正常对照组。测定颈动脉超声图像,血流动力学指标,血脂、血糖等生化指标,并进行统计学分析。结果:颈动脉超声显示,颈动脉内膜中层厚度在冠心病非MI组[(0.99±0.18)mm],MI组[(0.99±0.22)mm]明显大于正常对照组[(0.78±0.11)mm],P<0.05,颈总动脉最大流速冠心病非MI组[(71.34±19.76)cm/s],MI组[(78.92±20.61)cm/s]明显高于正常对照组[(67.38±14.35)cm/s],P<0.05。冠心病非MI组斑块发生率为69.2%,MI组为62.2%,明显高于正常对照组(36.2%,P均<0.01)。Pearson相关分析显示颈动脉内膜中层厚度与总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇、甘油三酯水平呈显著正相关(标准化回归系数0.460～0.862,P均<0.001)。结论:颈动脉超声不仅可间接评价冠心病患者,且颈动脉内膜中层的厚度与血脂异常显著相关。
Objective: To observe the characteristics of carotid ultrasonography in patients with coronary heart disease and explore the relationship between the severity of coronary heart disease and carotid ultrasonography. Methods: A total of 102 patients admitted to Department of Cardiology were enrolled in this study. Among them, 37 were myocardial infarction (MI), 65 non-MI patients and 58 were non-CHD patients. Carotid artery ultrasound imaging, hemodynamic indicators, blood lipids, blood glucose and other biochemical parameters were measured and statistically analyzed. Results: Carotid artery ultrasound showed that carotid artery intima-media thickness was significantly higher in non-MI group (0.99 ± 0.18) mm in MI group and (0.99 ± 0.22) mm in MI group [(0.78 ± 0.11) mm (P <0.05). The maximal velocity of carotid artery in MI group was (71.34 ± 19.76) cm / s and MI group (78.92 ± 20.61) cm / s was significantly higher than that in control group [67.38 ± 14.35 ) cm / s], P <0.05. The incidence of plaque in non-MI group was 69.2% in coronary heart disease group and 62.2% in MI group, which was significantly higher than that in normal control group (36.2%, P <0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that carotid artery intima-media thickness was positively correlated with total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglyceride (standardized regression coefficients 0.460-0.862, P <0.001). Conclusion: Carotid artery ultrasound can not only indirectly evaluate coronary heart disease patients, and the carotid artery intima-media thickness is significantly associated with dyslipidemia.