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采用三种不同的激光焊接顺序对镀锌钢板进行焊接,使用ANSYS软件对激光焊接温度场和残余应力场进行有限元分析,运用盲孔法测量焊后焊件的残余应力的分布情况,其结果和模拟结果相吻合。结果表明,不同的焊接顺序主要影响纵向焊接残余应力分布,对横向残余应力影响可忽略不计。焊缝区纵向残余应力在热输入段中点达到最大值,随着垂直于焊缝距离的增加焊接纵向残余应力逐渐减小,并最终趋于稳定。除了单焊道之外,受二次加热的影响,纵向焊接残余应力减小,最大减少量达15%,横向焊接残余应力变化很小,但存在正负波动现象,这主要是由焊接过程中温度分布不均匀和焊缝及近焊缝区的横向收缩引起的。
Three different laser welding sequences were used to weld galvanized steel sheets. The temperature field and residual stress field of laser welding were analyzed by finite element method with ANSYS software. The distribution of residual stress in the weldment after welding was measured by blind hole method. And simulation results match. The results show that different welding sequences mainly affect longitudinal welding residual stress distribution, and the influence on transverse residual stress is negligible. The longitudinal residual stress in the weld zone reaches the maximum at the mid-point of the heat input, and the longitudinal residual stress of the weld decreases gradually with the increase of the distance perpendicular to the weld and finally tends to be stable. In addition to the single pass, due to the secondary heating, the longitudinal welding residual stress decreases, the maximum reduction of 15%, horizontal welding residual stress change is small, but there are positive and negative fluctuations, mainly by the welding process Uneven temperature distribution and lateral shrinkage near the weld zone.