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从全球范围看,近中期可再生能源规模化开发利用的根本驱动力,并非为了弥补化石能源在可供量上的不足,更不是为了短期内实现快速、大规模乃至全面替代化石能源消费的目标。能源,能量之源,作为一种特殊的资源和商品,被誉为现代文明的“血液”。能源发展既遵从资源和商品的普遍规律,也有其自身的特殊性,而其特殊性主要体现在能源发展具有外部性。人类社会对能源的需求是绝对的,而发展何种能源技术则是相对的,主要受到供应安全、资源消耗、环境容量、经济承受能力等多重因素的影响。
Globally, the fundamental driving force for the large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy in the near and mid-term is not to make up for the shortage of fossil fuels, nor to achieve the goal of rapid, large-scale and even comprehensive replacement of fossil energy consumption in the short term . As a special kind of resource and commodity, the source of energy and energy is hailed as the “blood” of modern civilization. The development of energy not only follows the general law of resources and commodities, but also has its own particularity. Its particularity is mainly reflected in the externalities of energy development. The human society’s demand for energy is absolute, and the development of what kind of energy technology is relative, mainly due to supply security, resource consumption, environmental capacity, affordability and other factors.