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胺的N-烷基化反应是一类重要的有机合成反应,其合成产物烷基化胺更是涉及到包括化工、医疗、医药以及国防等重要领域.近年来随着化学技术,尤其是绿色催化合成技术的发展,使得该类反应已成为当前有机反应的研究热点之一.以醇作为胺的N-烷基化试剂,水是唯一的副产物,因此具有绿色环保、简单可靠的特点.但是绝大多数该类反应都需要过渡金属催化剂.从脂肪胺、芳香胺、杂环芳香胺等含氮化合物出发,综述了近年来金属催化的以醇为烷基化试剂的胺的N-烷基化反应的研究进展,主要介绍了各均相、多相金属催化反应体系,通过比较指出了每一方法的优缺点,并对今后氮烷基化反应的发展方向进行了展望.
Amine N-alkylation reaction is an important class of organic synthesis reactions, the synthesis of alkylated amines is related to include chemical, medical, pharmaceutical and defense and other important areas.In recent years, with the chemical technology, especially the green With the development of catalytic synthesis technology, such reactions have become one of the hot topics in current organic reactions.With alcohol as an amine N-alkylating reagent, water is the only byproduct and therefore has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, simplicity and reliability. However, most of these reactions require transition metal catalysts.From nitrogenous compounds such as aliphatic amines, aromatic amines and heterocyclic aromatic amines, the recent progress in metal-catalyzed N-alkylamines of amines as alkylating agents The progress of the research on the alkylation reaction is introduced. The homogeneous and heterogeneous metal catalytic reactions are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are pointed out by comparison. The future development of the nitrogen alkylation reaction is also discussed.