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二胡是我国有代表性的民族拉弦乐器,它的前身为宋代的胡琴。据史书记载,胡琴原脱胎于古代的奚琴,即我国北方奚部落所使用的乐器,当时人们习惯于称谓北方的少数民族为“胡”,胡琴由此而得名。到了清代,又陆续繁衍出了京胡、四胡、板胡、坠胡及广东的粤胡、广西的马骨胡等拉弦乐器,它们组成了胡琴大家族。由于二胡的音色更接近人声,它的演奏技法繁妙而复杂、表现力极为丰富,因此逐渐成为胡琴家族中的主要成员。近年来随着我国大型民族管弦乐队的发展,一批二胡协奏曲应运而生,它们进一步拓宽了二胡的表现力,为二胡演奏技巧的发展开辟了新的领地。
Erhu is our country’s representative national stringed instruments, its predecessor is the Song Huqin. According to historical records, Hu Qinyuan was born out of ancient Xiqin, the instrument used by the northern tribes of Xi in China. At that time, people were accustomed to calling ethnic minorities in the north “Hu”, hence the name of Huqin. In the Qing dynasty, the stringed musical instruments of Jinghu, Sipho, Banhu, Peihu and Guangdong Yuehu and Guangxi’s Bonechochu were also gradually produced. They formed the great family of Huqin. As erhu sounds closer to the human voice, its performance technique is subtle and complex, extremely expressive, and therefore gradually become a major member of the Huqin family. In recent years, with the development of China’s large-scale national orchestral band, a group of erhu concerto came into being, they further broadened the performance of erhu, opened up new territory for the development of erhu performance skills.