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目的了解广西儿童青少年生长发育长期趋势,为开展学校卫生保健工作提供指导。方法根据广西1985,1995及2005年学生体质健康调研的资料,分析不同年代城乡学生的身高、体重和胸围发育水平和变化趋势。结果1985-2005年广西学生生长发育水平明显提高,身高、体重、胸围在20a间男女生分别增长了4.16cm,4.33kg,0.50cm和3.84cm,2.62kg,0.14cm,前10a增长的幅度大于后10a。3项指标的发育水平城市明显优于乡村,但乡村学生身高增长幅度明显大于城市学生;胸围增长呈减弱趋势,乡村男女学生的15,16,17,18及19～22岁组出现负增长(P值均<0.01)。结论广西儿童青少年的身高、体重发育呈现明显的长期增长趋势,但胸围呈减弱趋势。应加强学生体育锻炼,改善乡村学校的体育场地和设施及营养状况。
Objective To understand the long-term trend of growth and development of children and adolescents in Guangxi and to provide guidance for the development of school health care. Methods According to the survey data of students’ physical health in 1985, 1995 and 2005 in Guangxi, the author analyzed the height, body weight and development of chest and abdomen in urban and rural areas of different ages and their changing trends. Results The growth and development of Guangxi students increased significantly from 1985 to 2005. The height, weight and bust of boys and girls increased by 4.16cm, 4.33kg, 0.50cm and 3.84cm, 2.62kg and 0.14cm respectively in the first 20 years After 10a. The development level of the three indicators was significantly superior to that of the rural areas, but the growth rate of rural students was significantly greater than that of urban students. The growth of the bust area showed a decreasing trend. The male, female, male and female students in the 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19-22 age groups showed negative growth Value <0.01). Conclusion The height and weight of children and adolescents in Guangxi show a significant long-term growth trend, but the bust is weaker. Physical exercise of students should be strengthened to improve the sports venues and facilities and nutritional status of rural schools.