目的调查武威地区出血性脑血管病患者的流行病学特点,分析致病危险因素。方法对甘肃省武威市凉州医院神经外科2008-2012年收治的1 120例自发性脑出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性调查,分析其流行病学与临床特点。结果 1 120例出血性脑血管病患者中,女性患者(718例,64.11%)多于男性患者,男女构成比差异有统计学意义;少数民族发病率较低;在46~75岁区间内高发(73.57%);发病高峰在春、冬季节;凌晨1:00-3:00及晨起6:00-9:00为单日高发时段;城乡结合部及城郊乡镇(距离市中心半径<30 km)发病率较高;致病高危因素以高血压最多(84.82%);高血压脑出血在所有病因分类中最多见(占91.52%)。结论出血性脑血管病的发病与年龄、季节及高血压等多种因素有关。有效的预防措施和积极控制血压及加强筛查工作至关重要。 Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of patients with hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease in Wuwei area and to analyze the risk factors. Methods The clinical data of 1 120 cases of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to Neurosurgical Department of Liangzhou Hospital of Wuwei City, Gansu Province from 2008 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, and their epidemiological and clinical features were analyzed. Results Among the 120 cases of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease, there were more female patients (718 cases, 64.11%) than male patients, the difference between male and female was statistically significant; the incidence of minorities was lower; in the range of 46-75 years (73.57%); peak incidence in the spring and winter seasons; 1 am to 3:00 am and early morning 6: 00-9: 00 for the single-day high incidence period; urban and rural areas and suburban towns and villages (from the city center radius <30 km). The highest risk factors for hypertension were hypertension (84.82%). Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage was the most common (91.52%) in all etiological categories. Conclusion The incidence of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease is related to many factors such as age, season and hypertension. Effective preventive measures and active blood pressure control and screening efforts are crucial.