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水是人类生活中必不可少的环境因素。它与其他环境因素经常的相互作用,在很大程度上决定着环境的动态和环境的质量状况,并且构成生活物质的基础。另一方面,水又是人类广泛利用的一种自然资源。在国民经济的各个部门中,必须有保质保量的水来供应,生产、经济才能不断发展。水资源是生产力最重要的因素之一。自然界的水资源是一种可更新的资源,其利用在时间上是无限的(可以用之不竭),而在数量上却是有限的(并非取之不尽)。
Water is an essential environmental factor in human life. Its constant interaction with other environmental factors, to a large extent, determines the dynamics of the environment and the quality of the environment, and forms the basis of living material. On the other hand, water is a kind of natural resource widely used by mankind. In all sectors of the national economy, it is imperative that there be supply and production of water with quality and quantity, and economic development can continue. Water is one of the most important factors in productivity. Water resources in nature are renewable resources whose utilization is infinite (inexhaustible) in time but quantitatively limited (not inexhaustible).