研究了坚硬老顶岩块与支架的相互作用机理，建立了老顶岩块的滑落运动微分方程，分析了支架所承受的冲击载荷与支架刚度和安全阀溢流速度的关系． The interaction mechanism between the hard rock block and the support was studied, and the sliding differential equation of the rock mass was established. The relationship between the impact load and the rigidity of the support and the overflow rate of the safety valve was analyzed.