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目的:对蓼科药用植物高山大黄进行显微及分子鉴定研究。方法:采用石蜡切片、粉末制片对高山大黄根及根茎的横切面组织结构和粉末特征进行显微研究,并采用mat K基因序列分析技术对高山大黄进行了分子鉴定研究。结果:高山大黄根横切面中皮层宽,薄壁细胞中可见草酸钙簇晶,木质部宽广,导管径向排列;根茎髓部宽广,无异形维管束存在;粉末中草酸钙簇晶多,棱角大多短钝,导管木质化,多网纹导管,淀粉粒小而多。高山大黄mat K序列全长1 524 bp,在基因上游106、218、222、365、522、615、711、759、801、852处存在十处碱基替换,且在950-955处存在CAAGAA6个碱基插入。结论:本研究获得了高山大黄比较全面的鉴定信息,上述显微特征可作为高山大黄显微鉴定依据,其mat K基因序列分析为高山大黄DNA条形码研究奠定基础。
OBJECTIVE: To study the microscopic and molecular identification of Rheum sylvestris, a medicinal plant of Polygonaceae. Methods: The tissue structure and powder characteristics of the cross-sections of rhubarb rhizomes and rhizomes were studied using paraffin sections and powder preparations. The mat K gene sequence analysis technique was used to study the molecular identification of rhubarb. RESULTS: The rhizosphere of cross-section of rhubarb rhizome was wide, and palygorskite showed clusters of calcium oxalate crystals. The xylem was wide and the vessels were arranged radially. The rhizome of pith was broad and there were no heterogeneous vascular bundles. The calcium oxalate clusters in the powder were numerous and angular. Most of them are short blunt, the ducts are lignified, and many reticulate ducts have small and many starch grains. The mat K sequence of alpine rhubarb was 1 524 bp in length, and there were ten base substitutions at the gene upstream 106, 218, 222, 365, 522, 615, 711, 759, 801, and 852, and there were 6 CAAGAAs at 950-955. Base insertion. Conclusion: The comprehensive identification information of Rheum sylvestris was obtained in this study. The above microscopic characteristics can be used as the microscopic identification basis for Rheum. The mat K gene sequence analysis lays a foundation for the research of R. rhynchophylla DNA barcoding.