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用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇分别对杨梅叶甲醇提取物进行了萃取,得不同萃取相。测定了其对番茄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea、番茄早疫病菌Alternaria solani、水稻立枯丝核Rhizoctoniasolani、小麦禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium graminearum、黄瓜炭疽病菌Colletotrichum lagenarium、玉米大斑病菌Setosphaeria turcica等植物病原菌的抑菌活性。结果表明,乙酸乙酯相和正丁醇相的抑菌活性较好。对乙酸乙酯相进一步分离得到7个化合物,经电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)和碳谱(13C NMR)鉴定其分别为已知化合物山楂酸(1)、3-O-反-对-香豆酰基马斯里酸(2)、3-O-没食子酰二氢杨梅素(3)、斛皮素-7-O-鼠李糖甙(4)、杨梅素3-O-鼠李糖甙(5)、杨梅素-3-O-鼠李糖(3-O-没食子酰)甙(6)和杨梅素-3-O-鼠李糖(2-O-没食子酰)甙(7)。孢子萌发法测定结果表明,化合物3～6对番茄灰霉病菌和玉米大斑病菌的孢子萌发具有较好的抑制作用,EC50值分别在3.44～4.59 mg/L和8.85～11.6 mg/L之间。
Extraction of methanol extracts of bayberry leaves with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol gave different extraction phases. The inhibitory activity against plant pathogenic fungi such as Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium graminearum, Colletotrichum lagenarium and Setosphaeria turcica were determined. Bacteria activity. The results showed that the ethyl acetate phase and n-butanol phase antibacterial activity is better. Seven compounds were further isolated from the ethyl acetate phase. The compounds were identified as maslinic acid (1), p-toluenesulfonic acid 3-O-trans-p-coumaric acid (2), 3-O-galloyl dihydromyricetin (3) 3-O-rhamnoside (5), myricetin-3-O-rhamnose (3-O-galloyl) - galloyl) glycosides (7). The results of spore germination showed that compounds 3 to 6 had good inhibitory effect on the spore germination of Botrytis cinerea and S. turcica with EC50 values of 3.44-4.59 mg / L and 8.85-11.6 mg / L, respectively .