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本文用三维衍射光栅和琼斯矩阵理论分析了两种方式记录的体全息图的光学特性和其出射光的偏振待性。分析表明,用互相平行的偏振光在各向同性介质上记录的体全息图是一种三维衍射光栅,特定结构的体全息光栅可以作为偏振分光镜;用互相正交的偏振光在光致各向异性介质上记录的体全息图,其表面光强均匀,而偏振状态随表面位置及深度而变化,称为体偏振全息图,用特定的光波照射可恢复原物光波的偏振特性。这两种体全息图各自具有独特的偏振特性,称之为偏振全息光学元件(PHOE).
In this paper, three-dimensional diffraction grating and Jones matrix theory were used to analyze the optical properties of the two kinds of holograms and the polarization of the emitted light. The analysis shows that a volume hologram recorded on an isotropic medium by polarized light parallel to each other is a three-dimensional diffraction grating, and a volume hologram grating with a specific structure can be used as a polarization beam splitter; Volume hologram recorded on the opposite medium, the surface light intensity is uniform, and the polarization state changes with the surface position and depth, known as the body polarization hologram, with a specific light wave can restore the original light wave polarization characteristics. Each of these two body holograms has its own unique polarization characteristic called a polarization holographic optical element (PHOE).