一、斑点病。采收后至贮藏初期均有发生。其症状是:果面上发生黑褐色小圆斑,稍下沉,边缘清晰,病斑不深入果肉,仅表皮下细脆变色。后期病斑易被杂菌侵染,造成果实腐烂。 发病原因:由于果树早期落叶缺磷,采收较早,贮藏期间,通风不良,温度较高,易发此病。 防治方法,适时采收,采收后,在不使果实受冻的前提下晚下窖为好。 二、黑心病。梨果实在贮藏期易发生此病,其有两种类型,一是早期黑心病,发生在入窖后一个月左右,果实发生不同程度的褐变。二是后期黑心病, First, spot disease. After harvest to storage have occurred. The symptoms are: dark brown spot on the surface of the fruit, a little sink, the edge clear, the lesion is not deep into the flesh, only fine brittle skin under the discoloration. Later lesions easily infected by bacteria, causing fruit decay. The cause of the disease: As early fruit trees phosphorus deficiency, harvest earlier, during storage, poor ventilation, high temperatures, prone to the disease. Prevention methods, timely harvesting, harvesting, without causing the fruit under the premise of the next cellar as well. Second, black heart disease. Pear fruit is easy to occur during the storage of the disease, which has two types, one is early black heart disease occurs in the cellar about a month, the fruit browning occurred in varying degrees. Second, late black heart disease,