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介绍在小麦、玉米一年两熟条件下 ,玉米秸秆直接还田的一种全新方法——玉米秸秆整株深埋还田技术(以下简称玉米整株还田 ) ,所需配套机具及操作工艺、技术要点和 3年的试验结果。研究结果表明整株还田 ,秸秆经过一年的腐解 ,腐解率达 90 %以上 ,土壤有机质年均增加 0 .11%。玉米整株还田耕深 2 0 cm,秸秆在土壤 8cm深度以下秸秆覆盖率达 95 %以上 ,能够保证冬小麦播种质量 ,小麦播种出苗后基本苗及分蘖测定分别比粉碎还田 (对照 )增加 2 3株和 0 .2个。小麦生育期干物质和千粒重分别增加 8.95 %和 1.33% ,小麦产量提高 3.81% ,比秸秆堆沤还田和粉碎还田投入分别减少 6 5 .7%和 5 0 %。玉米整株还田具有省工、省力、省时、节能、增产增收的良好效果。目前已在河北省栾城县大面积推广应用
Describes a new method of returning corn stalks to field directly under the condition of double ripening of wheat and corn in one year - the whole plant of corn stalks is returned to the field by deep planting (hereinafter referred to as corn whole plant returning to the field), the necessary supporting equipment and operation technology , Technical points and 3 years of test results. The results showed that the whole plant returning to the field, the decomposition of straw after one year, decomposition rate of 90%, soil organic matter increased by 0.11%. The whole corn of the corn was returned to the field with a depth of 20 cm. The coverage of straw below the depth of 8 cm was above 95%, which could ensure the sowing quality of winter wheat. The determination of basic seedling and tillering after seedling emergence increased 23% And 0 .2. The dry matter and 1000-grain weight of wheat increased by 8.95% and 1.33%, respectively, while the wheat yield increased by 3.81% and 65.7% and 50% lower than that of straw mulching and crushing and returning respectively. Whole corn field with labor, labor-saving, time-saving, energy saving, increase production and income of good results. Has been in Luancheng County, Hebei Province, large-scale promotion and application