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有关用季铵盐萃取金的研究已有广泛的报导。季铵盐可实现从王水、卤化物和氰化物等工艺液中提取金,并有高容量和易反萃等优点,故一直引人注目。本文研究一种新型萃取剂麻黄素季铵盐——N-十六烷基-N,N-二甲基麻黄素溴化铵(Ⅰ)用于金的萃取和精炼,该季铵盐由天然麻黄素(一)—ph(OH)CH(CH_3)NHCH_3·HCl(A)合成而得。麻黄素来源于麻黄,中医上以之入药,多产于我国北部,来源十分丰裕。烷基链长为之较短的N-十二烷基-N,N-二甲基麻黄素溴化铵(Ⅱ)作为表面活性剂用于胶束模拟酶的研究,但有关(Ⅰ)的合成及用于金的萃取方面,文献上迄今未见报导。
Research on the extraction of gold with quaternary ammonium salts has been widely reported. Quaternary ammonium salt can be obtained from the aqua regia, halide and cyanide and other liquid extraction technology, and has the advantages of high capacity and easy stripping, it has been attracting attention. In this paper, a new extractant ephedrine quaternary ammonium salt - N-hexadecyl-N, N-dimethyl ephedrine ammonium bromide (I) for gold extraction and refining, the quaternary ammonium salt from natural Ephedrine (a) -ph (OH) CH (CH_3) NHCH_3 · HCl (A) derived from the synthesis. Ephedrine from Ephedra, Chinese medicine to medicine, prolific in northern China, the source is very abundant. The shorter alkyl chain length of N-dodecyl-N, N-dimethyl ephedrine ammonium bromide (II) as surfactant for the study of micellar mimetic enzymes, but the (Ⅰ) Synthesis and for gold extraction, literature has hitherto been reported.