论文部分内容阅读
本文研究了穴醚[2,2,2]和穴醚[2,2]在硝基甲烷中对镉的萃取行为。探讨了溶剂、穴醚浓度,碱浓度,无机酸浓度,盐效应及共存离子对镉萃取的影响。实验结果表明,硝基甲烷ε=35.6,μ=3.4德拜宜作为穴醚的溶剂。当穴醚[2,2,2]——硝基甲烷的浓度为2×10~(-3)M,Me_4NOH浓度为4×10~(-2)M时对镉的萃取最为有利。无机酸的引入使穴醚质子化程度加大,盐效应对镉的萃取无明显影响。十八种共存离子对镉萃取无干扰,因而选择性高。实验结果为用穴醚[2,2,2]萃取镉提供了依据。
In this paper, the extraction behavior of cadmium from cryptand [2,2,2] and cryptand [2,2] in nitromethane was studied. The effects of solvent, cryptands concentration, alkali concentration, inorganic acid concentration, salt effect and coexisting ions on cadmium extraction were discussed. Experimental results show that nitromethane ε = 35.6, μ = 3.4 Debye as a cryogenic solvent. When the concentration of [2,2,2] -nitropropane is 2 × 10 ~ (-3) M and the concentration of Me_4NOH is 4 × 10 ~ (-2) M, the extraction of cadmium is most favorable. The introduction of inorganic acids increased the degree of protonation of Cryptoporphyrins and the salt effect had no significant effect on the extraction of cadmium. Eighteen kinds of coexisting ions have no interference with cadmium extraction and thus high selectivity. The experimental results provide the basis for the extraction of cadmium with cryptand [2,2,2].