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文章基于1996~2012年省级面板数据,分析了区域劳动力市场中新建企业对就业增长的岗位创造效应、挤出效应和供给方效应,以及创业对就业的影响模式和特点。研究发现,在区域劳动力市场中,创业可以带动就业,但创业对就业增长的影响存在时间上的波动与滞后。创业对就业的影响是短期正向的岗位创造效应、中期负向的挤出效应和长期正向的供给方效应共同作用的结果。与0ECD国家相比,中国区域劳动力市场新建企业的挤出效应存在的时间更长,供给方效应出现的时间更晚。
Based on the provincial panel data from 1996 to 2012, the article analyzes the post creation effect, extrusion effect and supply effect effect of new enterprises on employment growth in the regional labor market, as well as the impact patterns and characteristics of entrepreneurship on employment. The study found that, in the regional labor market, entrepreneurship can bring about employment, but the impact of entrepreneurship on employment growth fluctuates and lags behind in time. The impact of entrepreneurship on employment is the result of a combination of short-term positive job creation effects, medium-term negative extrusion effects and long-term positive supply-side effects. Compared with the 0ECD countries, the crowding-out effect of the newly established enterprises in the labor market in China exists longer and the supply-side effect occurs later.