临床试验是医学研究的重要组成部分。它是以现代科学研究方法指导临床工作,并不断地提高临床医学水平。由于临床试验受试者在试验过程中复杂多变,因此临床试验与一般实验有很大不同,具有一定的特殊性。这里着重对临床试验中的设计、分析及一些常用的研究基本方法分几讲来作介绍。第一讲临床试验设计原理近年来,实验设计已变得日益复杂多样,这主要是在复因素方面有较大的发展。过去传统的实验设计,首先是将处理因素标准化,使其他因素维持恒定,一次只能改变一个研究因素。但是要得到改变某特定 Clinical trials are an important part of medical research. It is based on modern scientific research methods to guide clinical work and continuously improve the level of clinical medicine. Due to the complexity of clinical trial subjects during the trial, clinical trials are very different from general experiments and have certain characteristics. This section focuses on the design, analysis, and some common methods for basic research in clinical trials. Firstly, the design principles of clinical trials In recent years, experimental design has become increasingly complex and diverse. This is mainly due to the greater development of complex factors. The traditional experimental design in the past was first to standardize the treatment factors so that other factors remained constant and only one research factor could be changed at a time. But to get changed a certain