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[目的]为逆行髋臼前柱拉力螺钉内固定提供应用解剖学基础。[方法]取半骨盆标本20个,自髋臼切迹至髋臼上缘每隔5.0 mm作系列截骨面,找到最小截骨面,用圆盘法确定其圆心及直径,用斯氏针由该截面的圆心逆行打入,在髂骨后外侧穿出。将该截面下方的系列截面解剖复位,再将斯氏针顺行打入前柱,由耻骨上支前外侧穿出,该穿出点为P,P即为逆行髋臼前柱拉力螺钉入钉点。测量其在髋臼前柱骨皮质内的长度,将耻骨结节命名为A,将髂耻隆起命名为B,测量AB及PA的距离,并观察该斯氏针的方向。[结果]最小截骨面位于髋臼切迹上方15.0 mm处,该截面平均直径为(4.9±1.7)mm,髋臼前柱骨皮质内斯氏针长度为(86.8±7.2)mm,P位于耻骨上支前缘闭孔嵴上,P距耻骨结节(A)的距离PA为(2.3±0.4)mm,耻骨结节(A)距髂耻隆起(B)的距离AB为(4.7±0.3)mm,P约为AB的中点,该斯氏针与弓状线平行。[结论]逆行髋臼前柱拉力螺钉入钉点P位于耻骨上支耻骨结节与髂耻隆起中点处的闭孔嵴上,P距耻骨结节(2.3±0.4)mm,该螺钉最大直径为(4.9±1.7)mm,最大长度为(86.8±7.2)mm,该螺钉与弓状线平行。
[Objective] To provide anatomic basis for internal fixation of retrograde acetabular anterior column lag screw. [Methods] Twenty specimens of the pelvis were obtained from the notch of the acetabulum to the upper edge of the acetabulum every 5.0 mm for the series of osteotomy surfaces. The smallest osteotomy surface was found. The center and diameter of the osteotomy were determined by the disc method. Reversed by the cross-section of the center of the heart, piercing the posterolateral ilium. A series of cross-sectional anatomy of the cross section of the cross-sectional anatomy reduction, and then the Syrian needle into the anteroposterior straight column, the outer side of the suprapubic branch out, the piercing point is P, P is retrograde acetabular anterior column Rallying screw into the nail point. The length of the anterior acetabulum in the cortical bone of the acetabulum was measured. The pubic tubercle was named A, the ilium was named as B, the distance between AB and PA was measured, and the direction of the Sis’s needle was observed. [Result] The minimum osteotomy surface was 15.0 mm above the notch of the acetabulum with an average diameter of (4.9 ± 1.7) mm. The length of the inner cortical bone in the acetabular anterior chamber was (86.8 ± 7.2) mm and P was The distance PA between the P and the pubic tubercle (A) was (2.3 ± 0.4) mm and the distance AB between the pubic tubercle (A) and the Iliopia (B) was (4.7 ± 0.3) ) mm, P is about the midpoint of AB, which is parallel to the arcuate line. [Conclusion] The screw point P in the retrograde acetabular anterior column lag screw is located on the obturator ridge at the midpoint of suprapubic pubic tubercle and ilium stigma with P (2.3 ± 0.4) mm from the pubic tubercle, the maximum diameter of the screw (4.9 ± 1.7) mm and a maximum length of (86.8 ± 7.2) mm, parallel to the arcuate line.