目的评估2017年5月国内外突发公共卫生事件及需要关注传染病的风险。方法根据国内外突发公共卫生事件报告及重点传染病监测等各种资料和部门通报信息,采用专家会商法,并通过视频会议形式邀请省(直辖市、自治区)疾病预防控制中心专家参与评估。结果预计5月全国报告事件数和病例数将继续呈上升态势,可能达到全年最高峰。4月下旬人感染H7N9禽流感发病并未出现进一步下降,预计5月仍可能维持较高水平。全国手足口病流行强度将逐渐增加。随着气温升高,我国周边国家蚊媒传染病疫情呈上升趋势,我国出现登革热、寨卡病毒病等输入性病例的可能性也随之升高,南方重点省份存在输入后发生本地传播或小规模聚集性病例的可能,但出现较大规模暴发疫情的可能性低。要继续注意黄热病等疾病输入的可能性。结论预计全国2017年5月全国总报告事件数和病例数将较4月有所上升。需重点关注人感染禽流感、蚊媒传染病、手足口病及食物中毒等的公共卫生风险。 Objective To assess the public health emergencies at home and abroad in May 2017 and the need to pay attention to the risk of infectious diseases. Methods According to the reports of domestic and foreign public health emergencies and the monitoring of key infectious diseases, the expert consultation method was adopted to invite experts from provincial (municipalities and autonomous regions) CDC to participate in the assessment through video conferencing. As a result, the number of nationally reported incidents and cases in May is expected to continue to rise, possibly reaching the peak of the year. No further decline in the incidence of H7N9 human bird flu occurred in late April, and it is still expected to maintain a high level in May. National hand, foot and mouth disease epidemic intensity will gradually increase. As the temperature rises, the epidemic situation of mosquito-borne infectious diseases in our neighboring countries is on the rise. The possibility of imported cases such as dengue fever and Zika virus disease will also increase in our country. Local key provinces in southern China have local transmission or small The possibility of clustering cases is low, but the likelihood of a larger outbreak is low. To continue to pay attention to the possibility of yellow fever and other diseases. Conclusion It is estimated that the national total number of reported incidents and cases in May 2017 will be up from April. We need to focus on the public health risks of human infection with bird flu, mosquito-borne diseases, hand-foot-mouth disease and food poisoning.