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改革开放30年中国取得了巨大的经济成就,经济总量上升到世界第四位,并且从2004年起成为世界第三大贸易国。但当改革开放走到今天的时候,人们对今后的发展道路产生了不同的看法。本文重点讨论了三个问题:还要不要继续推进对外贸易部门的发展?优先发展一般贸易还是优先发展加工贸易?是固定汇率制好还是浮动汇率制好?本文的结论是:要继续发展劳动密集型出口部门,走外向型经济发展道路;优先发展加工贸易更能提高中国的福利水平;固定汇率制更符合中国国情。
In the 30 years since the reform and opening up, China has made tremendous economic achievements. Its total economic output has risen to the fourth place in the world and it has become the third largest trading nation in the world since 2004. However, when the reform and opening up come to this day, people have different views on the path of development in the future. This article focuses on three issues: Should we continue to promote the development of the foreign trade sector? Give priority to the development of general trade or give priority to the development of processing trade? Is the fixed exchange rate system or the floating exchange rate system well? The conclusion of this paper is: to continue to develop labor-intensive Type export sector and take the path of an outward-oriented economic development. It will further enhance the welfare level of China by giving priority to the development of processing trade. The fixed exchange rate system will be more in line with China’s national conditions.