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采用离子交换法将不同的季铵盐交换到蒙脱土的层间得到改性蒙脱土。以十二烷基二甲基苄基氯(1227)为例,研究了季铵盐离子交换反应的最佳反应条件为:当温度为60℃,时间为6h,1227/CEC的摩尔比为1.5∶1.0时,1227的交换率为82.65%。在相同的条件下,其它的单季铵盐的交换率也均大于80%。其中1431的交换率达到99.75%。热重分析(TG)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)的结果表明季铵盐已经插入蒙脱土的层间,且季铵盐的热稳定性明显提高。
Using ion exchange method, different quaternary ammonium salts are exchanged into the layers of montmorillonite to obtain modified montmorillonites. Taking dodecyldimethylbenzyl chloride (1227) as an example, the optimum reaction conditions for the quaternary ammonium ion exchange reaction were studied: when the temperature is 60 ℃, the time is 6h, the molar ratio of 1227 / CEC is 1.5 : 1.0, the exchange rate of 1227 is 82.65%. Under the same conditions, other single quaternary ammonium exchange rates are also greater than 80%. The 1431 exchange rate reached 99.75%. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed that the quaternary ammonium salt was inserted into the interlayer of montmorillonite, and the thermal stability of the quaternary ammonium salt was significantly improved.