一、问题提出黑河地区地处边疆,属寒温带气候,冬季气候寒冷,最低温度达-40℃,这给学生寒假进行体育锻炼带来很大困难。但根据多年的实践经验,北方寒冷地区学生利用寒假进行体育锻炼又有三个有利条件。第一,寒假时间长(1.5～2月),又有得天独厚的冰雪条件,正是从事冰雪活动的黄金季节。但如果不进行恰当的组织,学生就会“猫冬”,使学生已获得的运动能力和身体素质下降,影响学生健康。据黑河中学一九八一年寒假对1080名学生进行调查,其中经常坚持锻炼的212名,仅占19.7%,寒假前、后四项身体素质测验证明,平均成绩下降(表一)。 First, the issue put forward Heihe region is located in the border, a cold temperate climate, cold winter climate, the minimum temperature of -40 ℃, which gives students a great winter vacation for physical training. However, based on many years of practical experience, students in cold northern northern regions have three favorable conditions for taking advantage of the winter vacation. First, the long winter vacation (1.5 ~ February), and have unique conditions of ice and snow, it is engaged in snow activities in the golden season. However, if not properly organized, students will “cat winter”, so that students have access to exercise capacity and physical decline, affecting student health. According to a survey conducted by Heihe High School on the winter break in 1981, 1,080 students were surveyed, of whom 212 were regular instructors, accounting for only 19.7%. Before and after the winter vacation, the four physical fitness tests showed that the average grade dropped (Table 1).