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目的观察不同加碘浓度食盐对人群碘营养状况的影响,探索合适的盐碘浓度。方法采用现场干预研究,将600户杭州市城乡居民随机分成3组,分别提供含碘浓度为(25±2)、(15±2)和(5±2)mg/kg的碘盐,采用单盲法进行30 d的干预试验。检测观察对象干预前后的尿碘水平。同时采用3日称量法测定每日盐摄入量,检测干预前观察对象实际食用碘盐盐碘含量,以及当地水源水和部分用户饮用水水碘含量。结果当地水碘含量为2.05μg/L,其中城区水碘均数为2.25μg/L,农村为1.62μg/L;城区居民每日食盐摄入量为7.17 g/d,农村居民为10.20 g/d;干预前碘盐合格率为97.88%,盐碘浓度为30.09 mg/kg;城区居民尿碘中位数为139.61μg/L,农村居民为279.67μg/L。干预30 d后3个干预组尿碘中位数城区分别为129.52、116.45和112.44μg/L,农村分别为212.58、181.17和157.66μg/L。结论杭州市是碘缺乏地区,必须继续实施食盐加碘策略。但由于农村人群碘营养水平超过适宜量,碘盐浓度可作适当下调,合适的碘盐浓度为20～25 mg/kg。
Objective To observe the effect of salt with different iodine concentration on the iodine nutrition status of the population and explore the suitable concentration of salt and iodine. Methods Using field intervention study, 600 urban and rural residents in Hangzhou were randomly divided into three groups, and iodized salt concentrations of (25 ± 2), (15 ± 2) and (5 ± 2) mg / Blind 30-day intervention trial. Urine iodine levels before and after intervention were measured. At the same time, the 3-day weighing method was used to determine the daily salt intake, and the iodine salt and iodine content of the actual consumed iodine salt and the iodine content of drinking water of some local users were detected before the intervention. Results The local water iodine content was 2.05 μg / L, in which urban water iodine average was 2.25 μg / L and rural area was 1.62 μg / L. Daily salt intake of urban residents was 7.17 g / d and rural residents was 10.20 g / d. The pass rate of iodized salt before intervention was 97.88% and the concentration of salt iodine was 30.09 mg / kg. The median urinary iodine in urban residents was 139.61 μg / L, and that of rural residents was 279.67 μg / L. After intervention for 30 days, the median urinary iodine concentrations in the three intervention groups were 129.52, 116.45 and 112.44 μg / L respectively, and in rural areas were 212.58, 181.17 and 157.66 μg / L, respectively. Conclusions Hangzhou is an iodine deficiency area and must continue its salt iodization strategy. However, due to the iodine nutrition level of rural population exceeds the appropriate amount of iodized salt concentration can be appropriately reduced, the appropriate iodized salt concentration of 20 ~ 25 mg / kg.